Idris Alooma

al-Ḥājj Idris IV, called Idris Alooma and Idris Amsami, was mai (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in the mid-to-late 16th century and early 17th century, ruling approximately 1570–1603. In Idris's time, the empire covered parts of modern-day Chad, Cameroon, Niger and Nigeria. Idris's reign and achievements are primarily chronicled by Ahmad bin Fartuwa, his chief Imam. Idris's reign marked the end of conflicts with the Bilala of Kanem, securing the eastern side of Lake Chad under Sayfawa control. Furthermore, he introduced significant legal reforms based on Islamic law, establishing qadi courts that operated independently from the executive branch. He was credited with leading the empire to what is often regarded as its zenith during the late 16th century and early 17th century.