President of Egypt from 1981 to 2011
People connected to Hosni Mubarak
He held Egypt for thirty years through single-candidate referendums and emergency law, until eighteen days in Tahrir Square ended it. The first Arab leader tried in his own country's ordinary court, he walked free six years later.
Mubarak came up through the Egyptian Air Force, rising to air chief marshal in 1973 and commander before Sadat made him vice president in 1975. He took the presidency after Sadat's assassination in 1981 and renewed it through controlled referendums until U.S. pressure forced a multi-party election in 2005, which he won. He brought Egypt back into the Arab League in 1989 and played broker in Gulf and Israeli-Palestinian affairs, but the state of emergency in place since 1967 never lifted — opposition was crushed, the security services grew brutal, corruption spread. The 2011 revolution forced h…
Sourced, dated quotes from Hosni Mubarak
Dear youth of Egypt, dear citizens, I had already announced before that I am not going to run in the upcoming presidential elections.
Hosni Mubarak who speaks to you today is proud of the long years he spent in the service of Egypt and its people.
We shall continue to work for a Middle East that is free of strife and violence, living in harmony without the threat of terrorism or dangers of weapons of mass destruction.
We affirm our position again against terror and violence.
Dear citizens, Egypt will emerge from these current circumstances stronger, more confident and unified and stable.
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