Gregory Winter

Gregory Paul Winter was born 14 April 1951 and built his research career almost entirely at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology and the MRC Centre for Protein Engineering in Cambridge. In 1986 he invented techniques to humanize monoclonal antibodies, then refined the method using phage display to create fully human versions - critical because earlier mouse-derived antibodies triggered immune rejection in patients. The breakthrough unlocked therapeutic uses that had been out of reach. For these developments he shared the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with George Smith and Frances Arnold. He served as Deputy Director of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology from 2006 to 2011, acting Director from 2007 to 2008, and headed the Division of Protein and Nucleic Acids Chemistry from 1994 to 2006. A Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, he was appointed Master of Trinity in 2012 and held the post until 2019.