Friedrich Ebert
German politician, president of Germany (1871-1925) · Germany · Politicians · Died at 54
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Something wrong?He held Germany together through revolution and collapse, then spent six years as the Weimar Republic's first president trying to defend a democracy almost nobody wanted - not the communists he suppressed with Freikorps paramilitaries, not the nationalists who despised him for signing the peace.
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Friedrich Ebert led the Social Democratic Party from 1913, immediately splitting it by backing war loans for World War I and pushing the Burgfrieden policy to silence domestic opposition until victory. When Germany became a republic in November 1918, he became chancellor and made a cold bargain: he allied with General Wilhelm Groener's military leadership and right-wing Freikorps militias to crush socialist, communist, and anarchist uprisings from the left, then turned the same forces against right-wing coups like the Kapp Putsch. In 1919 he became the Weimar Republic's first president, a job he held until his death in 1925. His legacy is the managed disaster - order maintained, revolution suppressed, and a republic saved just long enough to face what came next.
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