Austrian Christian Social and Patriotic Front statesman (1892-1934)
Austria's chancellor from 1932 to 1934, who dissolved parliament, crushed socialists in civil war, banned the Nazis, then died in a Nazi assassination attempt that failed to topple his authoritarian state.
Engelbert Dollfuss rose from Minister for Forests and Agriculture to Federal Chancellor in 1932 as Austria's conservative government buckled. That crisis peaked when the National Council's presiding officers resigned, triggering what became the self-elimination of parliament itself. Dollfuss suppressed the Socialist movement in the Austrian Civil War, banned the Austrian Nazi Party, and locked his rule into place with the First of May Constitution in 1934. On 25 July that year, Nazi agents assassinated him in a coup attempt that ultimately failed. His successor Kurt Schuschnigg held the regime…
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