Afghanistan politician, former President of Afghanistan (1992-2001)
He formed the Islamic movement that would define Afghanistan's resistance to Soviet occupation, then held the presidency through civil war, exile under the Taliban, and a brief return — before a suicide bomber killed him on his 71st birthday while he pursued peace talks.
Born in Badakhshan Province in 1940, Rabbani studied and later taught Islamic theology at Kabul University, where he founded Jamiat-e Islami and drew future mujahideen commanders Gulbuddin Hekmatyar and Ahmad Shah Massoud into the fold. After the fall of the communist regime in 1992, he became Afghanistan's sixth president, presiding over an Islamic State government plagued by internal clashes between rival factions. The Taliban drove him into exile in 1996, and he led the Northern Alliance politically until their overthrow in 2001. He returned to Kabul that November and served until December,…
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