Bhāskara II

Indian mathematician and astronomer (c.1114–1185)

  • Fame56.5
  • Momentum1.2
  • Wikipedia7.8K
Source-basedFalling
Lived 1114–1185, aged 71India
  • Wikipedia
    58 languages
    Cross-language footprint
  • Era
    1114–1185
    Aged 71
Summary
Updated 2026-06-09

A 12th-century polymath who ran the cosmic observatory at Ujjain — medieval India's mathematical center — and produced work so precise in algebra, astronomy, and planetary motion that scholars still call him the greatest mathematician of his era.

Biography

About

Born in 1114 in Vijjadavida, in the Satpura ranges of what is now Maharashtra, Bhāskara came from a Deshastha Brahmin line thick with scholars and astronomers. He rose to lead the observatory at Ujjain, the old mathematical heart of India, and around midcentury completed his Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi — "Crown of Treatises" — a four-part work spanning arithmetic (Līlāvatī), algebra (Bījagaṇita), planetary mathematics (Grahagaṇita), and spheres (Golādhyāya). Each section doubled as a standalone text. He also wrote the Karaṇā Kautūhala. An inscription in a Maharashtra temple, said to be carved by his gr…

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In their own words

Sourced, dated quotes from Bhāskara II

Bhāskara II
said
On a plane surface describe a circle of any specified radius with a pair of compasses. Mark on its circumference 360 degrees.
Bhaskara II (1150) . (Siddhantashiromani Grahaganita ii.19 vasanabhashya):अत्र समायां भमू ौ त्रिज््ययातुल््ययेन कर््क टके न वृत्तं कृ
Bhāskara II
saidundated
Let ‘so much as’ (yavattavat) be put for the value of the unknown quantity, and doing with that precisely what is proposed in the instance [i.e.
ekavarnasamikaranam (equations with one unknown), from theBijaganita, which is part of his monumental work Siddhanta- Shiromani
Bhāskara II
saidundated
The length of the earth’s shadow, and its breadth at the part traversed by the moon, may be easily found by proportion.
quoted in : Bhaskar Kamble, The Imperishable Seed: How Hindu Mathematics Changed the World and why this History was Erased, Garuda
Bhāskara II
saidundated
If the earth were supported by any material substance or living creature, then that would require a second supporter, and for that second a third would be required.
In the chapter Bhuvanakosha in the Goladhyaya, Bhaskara proves the absurdity of the supposition that the earth is supported
Bhāskara II
saidundated
The property of attraction is inherent in the Earth.
in verse 6, he proceeds to elucidate the property by which the Earth attracts all objects to itself:आकृ ष्टशक्तिश्च मही तया यत् खस््थथं
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Fame
Falling
56.5
Composite of search demand, mentions, audience & graph footprint.
Score components
Momentum1.2
Historical23.4
Source confidence60.0
Completeness70.0
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Sources

  • Wikipedia
    wikipedia · en.wikipedia.org
    High confidence
  • Wikidata
    wikidata · wikidata.org
    High confidence
  • Pantheon 2.0
    database · pantheon.world
    High confidence