Bertha von Suttner

Born Countess Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau on 9 June 1843, Bertha von Suttner grew up Austrian nobility but turned her attention to pacifism and literature. She wrote and campaigned steadily against militarism through the late 19th century. In 1905, two years after Marie Curie's physics prize, von Suttner became the second woman to receive a Nobel and the first to take the Peace Prize — also the first Austrian laureate in any category. She died on 21 June 1914, weeks before the war she spent decades warning against began.