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Bernhard Riemann

German mathematician (1826-1866) · Germany · Academics · Died at 39

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He died at 39 and left behind a hypothesis that no one has proved in over 160 years - and if they do, the entire architecture of prime numbers shifts. Riemann didn't just solve problems; he redrew the map of where mathematics could go.

A life in dates

2026
Read more around 200 years on17 September 2026, See the moment
1866Died20 July 1866Foreign Member of the Royal SocietyAward1826Born17 September 1826

Also in Deutsch

Photos 8

In their own words 10

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Bernhard Riemann
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10 statements, newest first
  1. As is known, scientific physics dates its existence from the discovery of the differential calculus.

    Die partiellen Differentialgleichungen der mathematischen Physik (1882) as quoted by Robert Édouard Moritz, Memorabilia Mathematica; Or,, Own words

  2. Magnitude-notions are only possible where there is an antecedent general notion which admits of different specialisations.

    Tr. William Kingdon Clifford, Nature, Vol. VIII. Nos. 183, 184, Own words

  3. Definite portions of a manifoldness, distinguished by a mark or by a boundary, are called Quanta.

    Tr. William Kingdon Clifford, Nature, Vol. VIII. Nos. 183, 184, Own words

Wikiquote, CC BY-SA 4.0

Awards

Foreign Member of the Royal Society1866

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About this person

Born in 1826 in Germany, Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann trained in mathematics at a time when rigor was still being invented. He gave the integral its first airtight definition, then turned to complex analysis and introduced Riemann surfaces - a way to treat functions geometrically that cracked open the field. In 1859 he published a paper on prime distribution that tucked a conjecture into a footnote: the Riemann hypothesis, still unproven, still central. His work on differential geometry laid the groundwork for the mathematics Einstein would need half a century later for general relativity. He died of tuberculosis in 1866, leaving a body of work so deep that mathematics is still climbing out of it.

Country
Germany
Category
Academics
Type
Academic
Status
deceased
Dates
Lived 1826 to 1866 · aged 39

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