Auguste de Marmont
French General, nobleman and Marshal of France (1774-1852) · France · Politicians · Died at 77
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Something wrong?A marshal who switched sides so notoriously that his name became a verb in French - "raguser" meant to betray. Both the Bonapartists and the Bourbons ended up calling him a traitor, and he died in exile having burned through two regimes' trust.
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About this person
Auguste de Marmont climbed to Marshal of the Empire under Napoleon, then took command of French forces in northern Spain after André Masséna's disgrace. He lost decisively at Salamanca in 1812 as the Peninsular War slipped away. When the Sixth Coalition closed in on France, Marmont defected to the Restoration and stayed loyal to the Bourbons through the Hundred Days - earning him a lasting stain among Bonapartists. In 1830 he led the royalist garrison during the July Revolution, but failed to crush the uprising; King Charles X accused him of betraying the Bourbons just as he had betrayed Napoleon. Marmont left France with Charles's entourage, spent his exile mostly in Vienna, and died in Venice in 1852, never having returned home.
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