Dutch scientist known as "the Father of Microbiology", and one of the first microscopists (1632–1723)
A Dutch draper who ground his own lenses and turned them on a drop of pond water — then wrote frantic letters to London describing the teeming "animalcules" no one had seen before. He opened a world smaller than anyone knew existed.
Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek was raised in Delft and worked as a draper, opening his own shop in 1654. He took up lensmaking as a side interest, and in the 1670s began peering through single-lens microscopes of his own design at anything he could scrape or scoop. What he saw — microbes he called "dierkens," bacteria, spermatozoa, red blood cells, muscle fibers, blood moving through capillaries — had never been documented. He was the first to observe and experiment with these organisms, the first to gauge their size. Van Leeuwenhoek never wrote a book; instead he sent chaotic, detailed lette…
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