Anaximenes of Miletus

Greek Ionian Pre-Socratic philosopher (c.586–c.526 BC)

  • Fame67.1
  • Momentum15.0
  • Turkey rank#139
Source-basedStable
  • Fame67.1
  • Momentum15.0
  • Turkey rank#139
  • Academics rank#224
  • Wikipedia9.1K
Lived -585–-525, aged 60Turkey
  • Wikipedia
    77 languages
    Cross-language footprint
  • Rank in Turkey
    #139
    Academics
  • Era
    -585–-525
    Aged 60
Summary
Updated 2026-06-08

The last of philosophy's first trio—Thales said water, Anaximander said infinity, and Anaximenes said air. Everything you see, he argued, is just breath at different densities: squeeze it into stone, thin it into fire.

Biography

About

Anaximenes worked in Miletus around 585–525 BC, likely taught by Anaximander, closing out the city's run as the birthplace of Western philosophy. Where his predecessors hunted for the universe's basic element, he landed on air—the arche from which all matter springs. His system was elegant: condensation turns air into wind, cloud, water, earth, stone; rarefaction thins it toward fire. He pictured a flat Earth floating on air, the Sun a disk circling overhead, hidden at night by distant peaks. None of his writings survived. Later thinkers—Heraclitus, Anaxagoras, Diogenes—carried his ideas forwa…

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67.1
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Historical24.3
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Source confidence60.0
Completeness70.0
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    wikidata · wikidata.org
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    wikipedia · en.wikipedia.org
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    database · pantheon.world
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