American poet, essayist and journalist (1819–1892)
He wrote a book so sexually frank that 19th-century critics called it obscene, then spent the rest of his life revising and expanding it. Whitman turned American poetry inside out—scrapping meter and rhyme for raw, sprawling catalogs of democracy and the body—and never stopped tinkering with the result.
Walter Whitman Jr. was born May 31, 1819, on Long Island, left school at 11, and worked as a journalist, teacher, and clerk before self-publishing Leaves of Grass in 1855—a bid to write an American epic for the common person that shocked readers with its overt sensuality. During the Civil War he went to Washington and nursed the wounded in hospitals, experiences that shaped his poems of loss and healing; after Lincoln's assassination he wrote "O Captain! My Captain!" and lectured on the president he'd admired. He revised and expanded Leaves of Grass for nearly four decades, until a stroke sent…
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