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Raymond Calvel
French bread expert (1913-2005) · France · On the map · Chefs · Died at 92
Raymond Calvel was a bread expert and professor of baking at ENSMIC in Paris, France.
Raymond Calvel is read about 9.5 times a day, in 4 languages.
A typical day, 30 days to 15 September 2026
The middle day of the days counted, so one week of news cannot move it. The line under it is the last 60 days, one point a day.
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Calvel has been credited with creating a revival of French-style breadmaking, as well as developing an extensive body of research on improving breadmaking technique, including studies of the differences between European and American wheat flour and the development of the autolyse, a hydration rest early in the mixing and kneading process designed to relax gluten in the dough and simplify the kneading process, thereby rendering the dough more extensible and easier to shape.
