Rashid-al-Din Hamadani
Persian physician and historian (1247-1318) · Doctors · Died at 71
He rose from Jewish physician to vizier of the Mongol Ilkhanate, commissioned the empire's defining history - then executed for allegedly poisoning the king he served.
Rashid-al-Din Hamadani is read about 283 times a day, in 54 languages.
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Born in 1247, Rashid al-Din converted to Islam from Judaism by age 30 in 1277 and climbed to become vizier under Ilkhan Ghazan. Ghazan tasked him with writing the Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh, now regarded as the most important single source for Ilkhanate and Mongol Empire history. He held the vizierate until 1316, a prolific author who founded the Rab'-e Rashidi academic institution in Tabriz - historian Morris Rossabi calls him "arguably the most distinguished figure in Persia during Mongolian rule". In 1318, charged with poisoning Ilkhanid king Öljaitü, he was executed.