Prince Maximilian of Baden
German chancellor (1867-1929) · Germany · On the map · Politicians · Died at 62
He handed Germany a new republic on his way out the door. Max von Baden - appointed chancellor in October 1918 with one job: get an armistice and stop the bleeding - spent four weeks negotiating surrender, forcing out generals who wanted to fight on, then unilaterally announced the Kaiser's abdication and passed the...
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Born in 1867 to a Baden prince and a Leuchtenberg duchess, Maximilian studied law at Leipzig and joined the Prussian Army, becoming heir presumptive to Baden's grand ducal throne in 1907. During World War I he worked with the Red Cross on prisoner welfare, leveraging international contacts while serving as a staff officer. Wilhelm II made him chancellor in October 1918 to secure peace; Max opened talks on Wilson's Fourteen Points, began parliamentary reforms, and forced Erich Ludendorff's resignation when the general tried to wreck the negotiations. As revolution swept Germany in November, he proclaimed Wilhelm's abdication without permission and handed the chancellorship to Friedrich Ebert, ending the empire. He retired to Baden, co-founded the boarding school Schule Schloss Salem with Kurt Hahn, and died in 1929 shortly after becoming head of his house.
