Pope John XXI
Pope (1276-1277)
Summary
Updated 2026-05-29
Portugal's only pope, John XXI ruled the Church for less than a year before his death in 1277. He might've also been the medieval logician and herbalist Peter of Spain—making him possibly the only pontiff who doubled as a physician.
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Pope John XXI, born Pedro Julião, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 September 1276 to his death in May 1277. He is the only Portuguese pope in history. He is sometimes identified with the logician and herbalist Peter of Spain, which would make him the only pope to have been a physician.
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- WikidataHigh confidencewikidata · wikidata.org
- WikipediaHigh confidencewikipedia · en.wikipedia.org
- Pantheon 2.0High confidencedatabase · pantheon.world
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