Pope Gregory IX

Pope of the Catholic Church from 1227 to 1241

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Lived 1170–1241, aged 71

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Era
1170–1241
Aged 71

Summary

Updated 2026-05-29

Ran the Catholic Church and Papal States from 1227 to 1241, best known for formalizing the Papal Inquisition and compiling the Decretales. Built a machinery of religious enforcement that outlasted him by centuries.

Biography

About

Pope Gregory IX was head of the Catholic Church and the ruler of the Papal States from 19 March 1227 until his death in 1241. He is known for issuing the Decretales and instituting the Papal Inquisition, in response to the failures of the episcopal inquisitions established during the time of Pope Lucius III, by means of the papal bull Ad abolendam, issued in 1184.

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