Bishop of Rome from 492 to 496
A fifth-century pope who sharpened the blade of papal authority while the Roman world split in two. Gelasius demanded obedience from Constantinople, called heresy by name, yet kept peace with the Arian Goths ruling Italy—a combination of rigidity and realpolitik that marked the hinge between ancient and medieval Rome.
Gelasius became bishop of Rome on 1 March 492, possibly after drafting documents for his predecessor Felix III. His pontificate pushed strict Catholic orthodoxy and more assertive claims to papal power, widening the rift between Western and Eastern Churches. Yet he maintained cordial relations with the Ostrogoth rulers of Italy, despite their Arianism—a christological stance Nicene Christians considered heretical. A prolific writer, his style stood at the edge between Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. He died on 21 November 496, four years into a papacy that tightened Rome's doctrinal…
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