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Olympe de Gouges

French playwright and political activist (1748-1793) · France · Writers · Died at 45

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She wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen in 1791 - a direct challenge to the French Revolution's exclusion of women from its promise of equality - and was guillotined two years later for attacking Robespierre's government.

A life in dates

1793Died3 November 17931791“Article 1. Woman is born free and lives equal to man in her rights. Social distinctions can be based only on the common utility.”In their wordsDeclaration of the Rights of Women (1791)

“Marriage is a tomb of trust and love. The married woman can with impunity give bastards to her husband, and also give them the wealth which does not belong to them.”In their wordsPostscript

“Man, are you capable of being just? It is a woman who poses the question, you will not deprive her of that right at least.”In their words"The Rights of Women"

“Man alone has raised his exceptional circumstances to a principle.”In their words"The Rights of Women"

1748Born7 May 1748

Also in Deutsch

Photos 8

In their own words 4

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Olympe de Gouges
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4 statements, newest first
  1. Article 1. Woman is born free and lives equal to man in her rights. Social distinctions can be based only on the common utility.

    1791, Declaration of the Rights of Women (1791), Own words

  2. Marriage is a tomb of trust and love. The married woman can with impunity give bastards to her husband, and also give them the wealth which does not belong to them.

    1791, Postscript, Own words

  3. Man, are you capable of being just? It is a woman who poses the question, you will not deprive her of that right at least.

    1791, "The Rights of Women", Own words

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About this person

Born Marie Gouze in southwestern France in 1748, de Gouges moved to Paris in the 1780s and built a prolific career as a playwright and pamphleteer, tackling slavery, divorce, children's rights, and unemployment. She welcomed the Revolution in 1789 but quickly soured when it denied women the rights it granted men. Her 1791 Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen demanded equality and challenged male authority head-on. Aligned with the moderate Girondins, she opposed the execution of Louis XVI and wrote with growing fury against Robespierre's Montagnards during the Terror. On 3 November 1793, the Revolutionary government sent her to the guillotine.

Country
France
Category
Writers
Type
Writer / Author
Status
deceased
Dates
Lived 1748 to 1793 · aged 45

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