Nestorius

Nestorius came from the Catechetical School of Antioch and became Archbishop of Constantinople on 10 April 428. A theologian careful about language, he preferred "Christ-bearer" over the common "God-Bearer" for Mary, arguing that Christ was born in his humanity, not his divinity - a distinction meant to preserve the separateness of the two natures in one person. That put him on collision course with Cyril of Alexandria. At the Council of Ephesus in 431, which Nestorius didn't attend, a majority condemned him for heresy and stripped him of his office; a counter-council led by John I of Antioch vindicated him and deposed Cyril in turn, but Nestorius sought retirement instead. Exiled to Upper Egypt in 435, he spent his last years defending his views until around 451, abandoned even by his final defender at Chalcedon. The Church of the East in Persia never accepted the condemnation and still venerates him as one of three "Greek Teachers," his prayers woven into its ancient liturgy.