Nader Shah
Shah of Iran (r. 1736-47) and founder of the Afsharid dynasty · Historical Figures · Lived 1688 to 1747 · aged 58
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Something wrong?He pulled Iran out of collapse, expelled two empires from its borders, then crowned himself shah and carved out a realm that briefly stretched from the Caucasus to the Indus. By the end he was imitating the cruelty of the conquerors he idolized, and his own officers killed him in his tent.
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Contemporary portrait of Nader Shah. Artist unknown, created in ca. 1740 in Iran (cropped)
1747 . ნადირ შაჰის ფირმანი
AfsharidEmpireIran
Coin of Nader Shah as viceroy, minted in Mashhad, dated 1735-1736._Obverse.jpg?width=1200)
Coin of Nader Shah, minted in Daghestan (Dagestan). Obverse._Reverse.jpg?width=1200)
Coin of Nader Shah, minted in Daghestan (Dagestan). Reverse.jpg?width=1200)
Coin of Nader Shah, minted in Daghestan (Dagestan)
Coin of Nader Shah, minted in IsfahanIn their own words 3
, Once, when Nadir was told that there was no war in paradise, he was reported to have asked: "How can there be any delights there?".
Afterwards Nadir Shah himself, with the Emperor of Hindustan, entered the fort of Delhi.
No barbarities were left unpractised. The tax imposed was strictly exacted. What numbers destroyed themselves with their own hands.
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Nader Shah Afshar rose during the chaos after Afghan rebels toppled the Safavid emperor in 1722 and the Ottomans and Russians seized Iranian land. A Turkoman from the Afshar tribe, he reunited the realm, drove out the invaders, and grew so dominant he deposed the Safavids - who had ruled over two centuries - and declared himself shah in 1736. His campaigns from Herat to Karnal built an empire touching Afghanistan, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and into India, making him briefly the most powerful sovereign in West Asia. He idolized Genghis Khan and Timur, mirrored their military genius, and late in his reign their cruelty. His military spending wrecked the economy. On 20 June 1747 he was assassinated during a rebellion; the empire collapsed into civil war, his grandson was the last Afsharid to rule, and by 1796 a new dynasty had taken the throne.
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