Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared God, to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land.
Sixth king of Babylon (r. 1792–1750 BCE)
He conquered Mesopotamia in the 18th century BC, but what keeps his name in circulation is the law code — one of the first to flip the script from compensating victims to punishing perpetrators, and to bake in presumption of innocence.
Hammurabi took the throne of Babylon around 1792 BC after his father abdicated, then spent his reign swallowing city-states: Larsa, Eshnunna, Mari. He broke Assyria's king and forced his son into tribute, pulling nearly all of Mesopotamia under Babylonian control. The law code he issued — framed as a revelation from Shamash, god of justice — prescribed specific penalties for each crime and capped what victims could claim in retribution, a break from earlier Sumerian codes. He was worshipped as a god while alive, celebrated after death as the conqueror who spread civilization and made the world…
Sourced, dated quotes from Hammurabi
Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared God, to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land.
If a man put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out.
Laws of justice which Hammurabi, the wise king, established.
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