Halyna Kuzmenko
Ukrainian anarchist (1897-1978) · France · On the map · Activists · Lived 1896 to 1978 · aged 81
Agafya "Halyna" Andriivna Kuzmenko was a Ukrainian teacher and anarchist revolutionary. After moving to southern Ukraine, she became a prominent figure within the ranks of the Makhnovshchina, a mass movement to establish a libertarian communist society.
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Photos 6
Painting of Halyna Kuzmenko, c. 1919
Halyna Kuzmenko and Nestor Makhno with 15 of their supporters, in a Polish internment camp
Family photo of Halyna Kuzmenko (left), Elena Mikhnenko (center) and Nestor Makhno (right)
French police file on Kuzmenko, Makhno and their daughter
Elena Mikhnenko (left) and Nestor Makhno (right), in ParisAbout this person
Kuzmenko spearheaded the movement's educational activities, promoted Ukrainization and acted as an outspoken advocate of women's rights. Along with her husband, the anarchist military leader Nestor Makhno, in 1921 she fled into exile from the political repression in Ukraine. While imprisoned for subversive activities in Poland, she gave birth to her daughter Elena Mikhnenko, whom she brought with her to Paris. Following the death of her husband, the outbreak of World War II saw her deportation for forced labour, first by the Nazis and then by the Soviets. After her release, she spent her final days with her daughter in Kazakh SSR.
