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Ezana of Axum

4th-century ruler of the Kingdom of Aksum · Historical Figures

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He ruled Aksum in the 4th century and made it Christian - the first sub-Saharan kingdom to adopt the faith as state religion, and the first to call itself Ethiopia.

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Tradition says Ezana inherited the throne as a child in the 320s, his mother Sofya holding power until he came of age. Somewhere in that span he converted, and the kingdom followed. The choice rewired the region's identity: Aksum became the first sub-Saharan state to embrace Christianity officially, and Ezana began using the name Ethiopia for his realm. He reigned into the 360s, one of the best-documented rulers Aksum produced, his inscriptions still legible. The conversion outlasted him by centuries.

Category
Historical Figures
Type
Historical Figure

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