Muhammad bin Tughluq

18th Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate and 2nd from the Tughluq dynasty

  • Fame53.8
  • Momentum3.2
  • Wikipedia698
Source-basedStable
Lived 1290–1351, aged 61India
  • Wikipedia
    40 languages
    Cross-language footprint
  • Era
    1290–1351
    Aged 61
Summary
Updated 2026-08-18

The eighteenth Sultan of Delhi earned two nicknames that don't usually travel together: "The Mad Sultan" and "The Wisest Fool." Muhammad bin Tughluq spoke five languages and dabbled in medicine, but something in the gap between brilliance and paranoia made his court famous for reasons beyond conquest.

Biography

About

Muhammad was born in 1290, the eldest son of the man who would found the Tughlaq dynasty. In 1321 his father sent him south to the Deccan Plateau to break the Kakatiya dynasty, and by 1323 the young commander had sieged Warangal and ended King Prataparudra's reign. Named Crown Prince as Jauna Khan, he took the throne in February 1325 when his father died. He ruled for twenty-six years, fluent in Persian, Hindavi, Arabic, Sanskrit, and Turkic, curious enough about medicine to study it. Ibn Battuta, the Moroccan traveler and jurist, spent time at his court and left a written record. The Sultan e…

Voice

In their own words

Sourced, dated quotes from Muhammad bin Tughluq

Muhammad bin Tughluq
saidundated
At the end of the tenth century Turks from Afghanistan began raiding India, a country of enormous wealth, ripe for conquest and incorporation into the Islamic world.
Clive Foss, The Tyrants: 2500 Years of Absolute Power and Corruption, London: Quercus Publishing, 2006, ISBN 1905204965, p. 12
Muhammad bin Tughluq
saidundated
The Sultan is not slack in jihad. He never lets go of his spear or bridle in pursuing jihad by land and sea routes. This is his main occupation which engages his eyes and ears.
Tughlaq Kalina Bharata, Persian texts translated into Hindi by S.A.A. Rizvi, 2 Volumes, Aligarh, 1956-57. p. 325 ff. Vol I. (Shihabuddin Al
Muhammad bin Tughluq
saidundated
The Sultan who is ruling at present has achieved that which had not been achieved so far by any king.
Tughlaq Kalina Bharata, Persian texts translated into Hindi by S.A.A. Rizvi, 2 Volumes, Aligarh, 1956-57. p. 327 ff. Vol I.
Muhammad bin Tughluq
saidundated
I am not at all perturbed by these revolts.
Barani, Zia-uddin, "Tarikh-e-Firoz Shahi", p.509
Muhammad bin Tughluq
saidundated
Muhammad ibn Tughlaq “led forth his army to ravage Hindostan.
Vincent Arthur Smith, The Oxford History of India: From the Earliest Times to the End of 1911 (Clarendon Press, 1920), 241-2. as quoted in
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The six component signals behind the Fame score, and their ranks across the leaderboards.

Fame
Stable
53.8
Composite of search demand, mentions, audience & graph footprint.
Score components
Momentum3.2
Historical22.8
Now attention17.5
Source confidence60.0
Completeness50.0
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Sources

  • Wikipedia
    wikipedia · en.wikipedia.org
    High confidence
  • Wikidata
    wikidata · wikidata.org
    High confidence
  • Pantheon 2.0
    database · pantheon.world
    High confidence