# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/wilhelmina-of-the-netherlands
# Generated: 2026-08-31T15:50:43.490Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/wilhelmina-of-the-netherlands"
name: "Wilhelmina of the Netherlands"
slug: "wilhelmina-of-the-netherlands"
description: "She ruled the Netherlands for 58 years — longer than any Dutch monarch — and became the world's first female billionaire through her business dealings. When the Nazis invaded in 1940, she fled to London and turned herself into a radio voice of resistance that made her more powerful in exile than she'd ever been at home."
tagline: "Queen of the Netherlands from 1890 to 1948 (1880-1962)"
image: "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jacob_Merkelbach%2C_Afb_010164033120.jpg"
gender: "female"
country:
  name: "Netherlands"
  isoCode: "NL"
category:
  name: "Historical Figures"
  slug: "historical-figures"
profileType:
  name: "Historical Figure"
  slug: "historical-figure"
  entityType: "https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2798645"
birthDate: "1880-08-31"
deathDate: "1962-11-28"
livingStatus: "DECEASED"
scores:
  popularity:           64.64
  momentum:             15
  historical:           26.100564
  currentAttention:     1.178571428571429
  sourceConfidence:     60
  profileCompleteness:  70
  trendDirection:       "STABLE"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  106
  category: 187
tags:
  - name: "Politicians"
    slug: "politicians"
  - name: "Historical Figure"
    slug: "historical-figure"
  - name: "Royalty"
    slug: "royalty"
  - name: "Photography"
    slug: "photography"
  - name: "Painting"
    slug: "painting"
  - name: "Politics"
    slug: "politics"
  - name: "20th Century"
    slug: "20th-century"
sources:
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmina_of_the_Netherlands"
    title: "Wikipedia"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150747"
    title: "Wikidata"
    type:  "WIKIDATA"
  - url: "https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Wilhelmina%20of%20the%20Netherlands"
    title: "Pantheon 2.0"
    type:  "DATABASE"
  - url: "https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%87%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7"
    title: "فيلهلمينا ملكة هولندا"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%87%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C_(%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF)"
    title: "ویلهلمینای (هولند)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilhelmina"
    title: "Vilhelmina"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E)"
    title: "Вільгельміна (каралева Нідэрландаў)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0"
    title: "Вилхелмина Нидерландска"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmina_an_Izelvroio%C3%B9"
    title: "Wilhelmina an Izelvroioù"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilhelmina%2C_kraljica_Nizozemske"
    title: "Vilhelmina, kraljica Nizozemske"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillemina_I_dels_Pa%C3%AFsos_Baixos"
    title: "Guillemina I dels Països Baixos"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilem%C3%ADna_Nizozemsk%C3%A1"
    title: "Vilemína Nizozemská"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmina%2C_brenhines_yr_Iseldiroedd"
    title: "Wilhelmina, brenhines yr Iseldiroedd"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilhelmine_af_Nederlandene"
    title: "Vilhelmine af Nederlandene"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmina_(Niederlande)"
    title: "Wilhelmina (Niederlande)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9F%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82"
    title: "Βιλελμίνη της Ολλανδίας"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilhelmina_(Nederlando)"
    title: "Vilhelmina (Nederlando)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermina_de_los_Pa%C3%ADses_Bajos"
    title: "Guillermina de los Países Bajos"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmina"
    title: "Wilhelmina"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilemina_I.a_Herbehereetakoa"
    title: "Gilemina I.a Herbehereetakoa"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%87%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%8C_%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D9%87_%D9%87%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF"
    title: "ویلهلمینا، ملکه هلند"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilhelmiina_(Alankomaat)"
    title: "Vilhelmiina (Alankomaat)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmine_(reine_des_Pays-Bas)"
    title: "Wilhelmine (reine des Pays-Bas)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmina_fan_de_Nederlannen"
    title: "Wilhelmina fan de Nederlannen"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermina_I_dos_Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos"
    title: "Guillermina I dos Países Baixos"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wilhelmina_of_the_Netherlands"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://nl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wilhelmina_der_Nederlanden"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://pl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wilhelmina"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://sr.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelmina_van_Nederland"
    title: "Wilhelmina van Nederland"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  The only surviving child of King William III, Wilhelmina took the throne at ten in 1890 after her father's death, spending her first years under her mother's regency. She steered the Netherlands through neutrality in World War I and worked through the country's industrial troubles, earning broad popularity while building a fortune that made her the first woman to reach billionaire status in U.S. dollars. The German invasion in May 1940 sent her to Britain, where she set up a government-in-exile and broadcast regularly to occupied Holland, becoming the voice and symbol of Dutch resistance. She returned to a liberated country in 1948 as the lone survivor among the 17 European monarchs who had reigned when she started, then abdicated that September in favor of her daughter Juliana. She spent her final years at Het Loo Palace, where she died in 1962, still regarded — even by Dutch republicans — as the queen who held the line.