# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/toghon-temur
# Generated: 2026-08-31T16:44:39.909Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/toghon-temur"
name: "Toghon Temür"
slug: "toghon-temur"
description: "The last emperor to rule China from the Mongol throne, watching his dynasty collapse under rebellion and natural disaster before retreating to the steppe — a sovereign who lost an empire but kept the title."
tagline: "Yuan and Northern Yuan emperor from 1333 to 1370"
image: "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yuan_Huizong.jpg?width=1200"
gender: "male"
category:
  name: "Historical Figures"
  slug: "historical-figures"
profileType:
  name: "Historical Figure"
  slug: "historical-figure"
  entityType: "https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2798645"
birthDate: "1320-05-25"
deathDate: "1370-05-23"
livingStatus: "DECEASED"
scores:
  popularity:           56.63
  momentum:             0.6833808167141501
  historical:           22.812464
  currentAttention:     0
  sourceConfidence:     60
  profileCompleteness:  60
  trendDirection:       "FALLING"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  null
  category: null
tags:
  - name: "Politicians"
    slug: "politicians"
  - name: "Scientist"
    slug: "scientist"
  - name: "Astronomy"
    slug: "astronomy"
  - name: "Painting"
    slug: "painting"
  - name: "Politics"
    slug: "politics"
  - name: "Medieval Era"
    slug: "medieval-era"
sources:
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghon_Tem%C3%BCr"
    title: "Wikipedia"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8666"
    title: "Wikidata"
    type:  "WIKIDATA"
  - url: "https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Toghon%20Tem%C3%BCr"
    title: "Pantheon 2.0"
    type:  "DATABASE"
  - url: "https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1"
    title: "توجون تيمور"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1"
    title: "طغون تیمور"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toqhon_Teymur"
    title: "Toqhon Teymur"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD-%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80"
    title: "Тагон-Тэмур"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D"
    title: "ཐོ་གན་ཐི་མུར།"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghon_Tem%C3%BCr"
    title: "Toghon Temür"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togon_Tem%C3%BCr"
    title: "Togon Temür"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD-%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80"
    title: "Тогон-Тэмур"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghon_Tem%C3%BCr"
    title: "Toghon Temür"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghan_Timur"
    title: "Toghan Timur"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghon_Tem%C3%BCr"
    title: "Toghon Temür"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1"
    title: "طغون تیمور"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togoontomor"
    title: "Togoontomor"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%2C_%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A8_%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9F"
    title: "טוגון טימור, קיסר סין"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togon_Tem%C3%BCr_mongol_k%C3%A1n"
    title: "Togon Temür mongol kán"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghon_Tem%C3%BCr"
    title: "Toghon Temür"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghon_Tem%C3%BCr"
    title: "Toghon Temür"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%82%B4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%86%E3%83%A0%E3%83%AB"
    title: "トゴン・テムル"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0-%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98"
    title: "თოღონ თემურ-ყაენი"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%93%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD"
    title: "Тоғон Темір хан"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%90_%ED%98%9C%EC%A2%85"
    title: "원 혜종"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togons-Temurs"
    title: "Togons-Temurs"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghon_Tem%C3%BCr"
    title: "Toghon Temür"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1"
    title: "توغون تيمور"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Toghon Temür took the throne in 1333 after years of succession fights following his father Kusala's death, spending his early reign under the shadow of powerful ministers like El Temür and Bayan until he orchestrated Bayan's ousting in 1340. Under minister Toqto'a, the court completed official histories of three predecessor dynasties, but the 1350s brought catastrophe: natural disasters and fiscal collapse ignited the Red Turban Rebellion in 1351. By 1368, the rebel leader Zhu Yuanzhang had founded the Ming dynasty and taken Khanbaliq, forcing Toghon Temür north to the Mongolian steppe where his remnant court — the Northern Yuan — continued to claim the emperorship of China. A devoted student of Tibetan Buddhism under successive Karmapas, he died at Yingchang in 1370, two years into exile, succeeded by his son Biligtü Khan.