# Saparmurat Niyazov

> He renamed the months after chapters of his own book, closed rural hospitals across half a country, and was declared president for life in 1999. Turkmenistan under Saparmurat Niyazov became one of the world's most isolated dictatorships, where passing a driving test required an exam on his autobiography.

*President of Turkmenistan from 1990 to 2006*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/saparmurat-niyazov

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Politician
- **Category:** Politicians
- **Born:** 1940-02-19
- **Died:** 2006-12-21
- **Status:** deceased
- **Gender:** male

## Bio

Saparmurat Niyazov led Turkmenistan for over two decades, first as Communist Party secretary from 1985, then as president after the Soviet collapse in 1991. He supported the failed 1991 Soviet coup and carried that authoritarian instinct into independence, building a cult of personality so extreme he renamed days and months after his autobiography, the Ruhnama, which became mandatory reading in every school, university, and job interview. In 1999 the Assembly declared him president for life. His eccentricities hardened into brutality: in 2005 he shuttered all rural libraries and hospitals outside the capital, telling a population that was more than half rural to travel to Ashgabat if they were ill. Under his rule Turkmenistan recorded the lowest life expectancy in Central Asia while he allegedly held over $3 billion in foreign accounts. He died in office in December 2006.

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 66.4 / 100
- **Momentum:** 4.1 / 100  (trend: STABLE)
- **Historical depth:** 25.3 / 100
- **Now attention:** 2.2 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 65.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 65.0 / 100

## Platforms
- **IMDB**: https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2241304/ (@nm2241304)

## Topics
#Politicians, #Politician, #Politics, #Stand Up, #20th Century

## Sources
- [Saparmyrat Nyýazow](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmyrat_Ny%C3%BDazow)
- [Saparmyrat Nyýazow](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmyrat_Ny%C3%BDazow)
- [Saparmyrat Nyýazow](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmyrat_Ny%C3%BDazow)
- [萨帕尔穆拉特·尼亚佐夫](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%E7%A9%86%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E4%BD%90%E5%A4%AB)
- [サパルムラト・ニヤゾフ](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%91%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A4%E3%82%BE%E3%83%95)
- [Ниязов, Сапармурат Атаевич](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87)
- [Saparmyrat Nyýazow](https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmyrat_Ny%C3%BDazow)
- [Saparmurat Niazov](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Niazov)
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82918)
- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Niyazov)
- [Pantheon 2.0](https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Saparmurat%20Niyazov)
- [صفرمراد نيازوف](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%81)
- [সাপারমুরাত নিয়াজভ](https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AD)
- [Saparmyrat Nyýazow](https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmyrat_Ny%C3%BDazow)
- [Saparmurat Nijazov](https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Nijazov)
- [Saparmurat Niàzov](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Ni%C3%A0zov)
- [Saparmırat Nıyazov](https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparm%C4%B1rat_N%C4%B1yazov)
- [Saparmurat Nijazov](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Nijazov)
- [Ниязов Сапармурат Атаевич](https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87)
- [Saparmurat Niyazov](https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Niyazov)
- [Saparmurat Nijasov](https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Nijasov)
- [Saparmyrat Nyýazow](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmyrat_Ny%C3%BDazow)
- [Σαπαρμουράτ Νιγιάζοφ](https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84_%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%86)
- [Saparmurat Nijazov](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Nijazov)
- [Saparmyrat Nyýazow](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmyrat_Ny%C3%BDazow)
- [Saparmyrat Nyýazow](https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmyrat_Ny%C3%BDazow)
- [Saparmurat Nijazov](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Nijazov)
- [Wikiquote](https://pl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Saparmyrat_Ny%C3%BDazow)
- [Wikiquote](https://ru.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2)
- [Wikiquote](https://sl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Saparmurat_Nijazov)

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