# Robert Shapiro

> Robert Shapiro was professor emeritus of chemistry at New York University. He is best known for his work on the origin of life, having written two books on the topic: Origins, a Skeptic’s Guide to the Creation of Life on Earth (1986) and Planetary Dreams (1999). He opposed the RNA world hypothesis, and held that the spontaneous emergence of a molecule as complicated as RNA is highly unlikely. Instead, he proposed that life arose from some self-sustaining and compartmentalized reaction of simple molecules: "metabolism first" instead of "RNA first". This reaction would have to be able to reproduce and evolve, eventually leading to RNA. He claimed that in this view life is a normal consequence of the laws of nature and potentially quite common in the universe.

*American chemist (1935-2011)*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/robert-shapiro

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Scientist ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39631))
- **Category:** Scientists
- **Country:** United States
- **Born:** 1935-11-28
- **Died:** 2011-06-15
- **Status:** deceased
- **Gender:** male

## Bio

Imported from discovery source: wikidata-dump

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 39.3 / 100
- **Momentum:** 0.0 / 100  (trend: FALLING)
- **Historical depth:** 7.0 / 100
- **Now attention:** 0.0 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 45.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 55.0 / 100

## Sources
- [Robert Shapiro (kiemavan)](https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Shapiro_(kiemavan))
- [روبرت شابيرو](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88)
- [روبرت شابيرو (عالم كيمياء حيويه من امريكا)](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88_(%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7))
- [رابرت شاپیرو (کیمیاچی)](https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88_(%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%8C))
- [Robert Shapiro (Chemiker)](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Shapiro_(Chemiker))
- [Robert Shapiro (chemist)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Shapiro_(chemist))
- [Robert Shapiro](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Shapiro)
- [Шапиро, Роберт](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%2C_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82)
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446561)

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