# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/ralph-kronig
# Generated: 2026-08-13T05:47:25.570Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/ralph-kronig"
name: "Ralph Kronig"
slug: "ralph-kronig"
description: "Ralph Kronig was a German physicist. He is noted for the discovery of particle spin and for his theory of X-ray absorption spectroscopy. His theories include the Kronig–Penney model, the Coster–Kronig transition and the Kramers–Kronig relations."
tagline: "German physicist noted for the discovery of particle spin and for his theory of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (1904-1995)"
image: "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Prof._Dr._R._de_Laer_Kronig%2C_1940.jpg?width=1200"
gender: "male"
country:
  name: "Germany"
  isoCode: "DE"
category:
  name: "Scientists"
  slug: "scientists"
profileType:
  name: "Scientist"
  slug: "scientist"
  entityType: "https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39631"
birthDate: "1904-03-10"
deathDate: "1995-11-16"
livingStatus: "DECEASED"
scores:
  popularity:           49.87
  momentum:             12.15971703674592
  historical:           14.627936
  currentAttention:     0
  sourceConfidence:     60
  profileCompleteness:  70
  trendDirection:       "RISING"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  null
  category: null
sources:
  - url: "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%92%E5%B0%BC%E5%B8%8C"
    title: "拉尔夫·克勒尼希"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC"
    title: "رالف كرونيج"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%82"
    title: "هارتلی کرونیق"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralf_Kroniq"
    title: "Ralf Kroniq"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Kronig"
    title: "Ralph Kronig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Kronig"
    title: "Ralph Kronig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Kronig"
    title: "Ralph Kronig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%AF"
    title: "هارتلی کرونیگ"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Kronig"
    title: "Ralph Kronig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Kronig"
    title: "Ralph Kronig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8B%E3%83%83%E3%83%92"
    title: "ラルフ・クローニッヒ"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Kronig"
    title: "Ralph Kronig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Kronig"
    title: "Ralph Kronig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Kronig"
    title: "Ralph Kronig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%2C_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84"
    title: "Крониг, Ральф"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Kronig"
    title: "Ralph Kronig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3"
    title: "Ральф Кроніг"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65574"
    title: "Wikidata"
    type:  "WIKIDATA"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Imported from discovery source: wikidata-dump