# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/muhammad-ali-of-egypt
# Generated: 2026-08-31T16:50:28.149Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/muhammad-ali-of-egypt"
name: "Muhammad Ali of Egypt"
slug: "muhammad-ali-of-egypt"
description: "An Albanian tobacco merchant's son who arrived in Egypt chasing Napoleon's ghost and seized control of an entire province—then spent four decades modernizing it into an empire, twice marching his armies to the gates of Constantinople and forcing the sultan who employed him to negotiate."
tagline: "Wali of Egypt and Sudan (1769–1849)"
image: "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ModernEgypt%2C_Muhammad_Ali_by_Auguste_Couder%2C_BAP_17996.jpg"
gender: "male"
country:
  name: "Turkey"
  isoCode: "TR"
category:
  name: "Politicians"
  slug: "politicians"
profileType:
  name: "Politician"
  slug: "politician"
birthDate: "1769-03-04"
deathDate: "1849-08-02"
livingStatus: "DECEASED"
scores:
  popularity:           63.76
  momentum:             10.38109349358847
  historical:           25.39431466666667
  currentAttention:     6.232419440982731
  sourceConfidence:     60
  profileCompleteness:  70
  trendDirection:       "RISING"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  194
  category: null
tags:
  - name: "Politicians"
    slug: "politicians"
  - name: "Politician"
    slug: "politician"
  - name: "Politics"
    slug: "politics"
  - name: "Founders"
    slug: "founders"
  - name: "Turkey"
    slug: "turkey"
  - name: "Middle East"
    slug: "middle-east"
  - name: "Early Modern Era"
    slug: "early-modern-era"
sources:
  - url: "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182781"
    title: "Wikidata"
    type:  "WIKIDATA"
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt"
    title: "Wikipedia"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Muhammad%20Ali%20of%20Egypt"
    title: "Pantheon 2.0"
    type:  "DATABASE"
  - url: "https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehmet_Al%C3%AD"
    title: "Mehmet Alí"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7"
    title: "محمدعلی پاشا"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavalal%C4%B1_Mehmed_%C6%8Fli_Pa%C5%9Fa"
    title: "Kavalalı Mehmed Əli Paşa"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Paschah"
    title: "Mohammad Ali Paschah"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96"
    title: "Мухамед Алі Егіпецкі"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0"
    title: "Мохамед Али паша"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE"
    title: "মুহাম্মদ আলি পাশা"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muh%C3%A0mmad_Al%C3%AD_Paix%C3%A0"
    title: "Muhàmmad Alí Paixà"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%DB%95%D9%85%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AF_%D8%B9%DB%95%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7"
    title: "محەممەد عەلی پاشا"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Al%C3%AD_Pa%C5%A1a"
    title: "Muhammad Alí Paša"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Pasha"
    title: "Muhammad Ali Pasha"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Pascha"
    title: "Muhammad Ali Pascha"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%84_%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%AE_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AC%CF%82"
    title: "Μεχμέτ Αλή Πασάς"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(pa%C5%9Dao)"
    title: "Muhammad Ali (paŝao)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehmet_Al%C3%AD"
    title: "Mehmet Alí"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehmet_Ali"
    title: "Mehmet Ali"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7"
    title: "محمدعلی پاشا"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_(Egypti)"
    title: "Muhammad Ali (Egypti)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9h%C3%A9met_Ali"
    title: "Méhémet Ali"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_na_h%C3%89igipte"
    title: "Muhammad Ali na hÉigipte"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Al%C3%AD_de_Exipto"
    title: "Muhammad Alí de Exipto"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Pasha"
    title: "Muhammad Ali Pasha"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_of_Egypt"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7"
    title: "محمد علي باشا"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7"
    title: "محمد على باشا"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Born in 1769 in an Albanian village, Muhammad Ali moved to Kavala where his father served as an Ottoman commander and tobacco merchant. He arrived in Egypt in 1801 as a military officer in an Albanian force sent to expel the French after Napoleon's withdrawal, and through calculated political maneuvering, was named governor and Pasha by 1805. He consolidated power through a violent purge of the Mamluks and set about transforming Egypt with sweeping military, economic and cultural reforms. He recaptured Arabian territories for the sultan and conquered Sudan independently, but his forces were crushed at Navarino trying to suppress the Greek rebellion. In 1831 he turned on the sultan himself, capturing Syria and crossing into Anatolia until European powers forced him back; after another Ottoman collapse in 1839 he invaded again, defeating them and opening the road to Constantinople before accepting a brokered peace in 1842. In exchange for withdrawal from the Levant, he secured hereditary rule over Egypt and Sudan—a dynasty that lasted until 1952.