# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/max-ernst
# Generated: 2026-09-02T06:53:13.095Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/max-ernst"
name: "Max Ernst"
slug: "max-ernst"
description: "He invented ways to make art that had never existed — frottage, grattage, collage novels — because he had no training to tell him he couldn't. A Dadaist who survived one world war as a soldier and the second as an \"undesirable foreigner,\" Ernst turned trauma and contempt for the modern world into surrealist images that felt like fever dreams with a punchline"
tagline: "German artist (1891–1976)"
image: "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Max_Ernst_1968.jpg?width=1200"
gender: "male"
country:
  name: "Germany"
  isoCode: "DE"
category:
  name: "Artists"
  slug: "artists"
profileType:
  name: "Artist"
  slug: "artist"
birthDate: "1891-04-02"
deathDate: "1976-04-01"
livingStatus: "DECEASED"
scores:
  popularity:           59.2
  momentum:             0
  historical:           25.803312
  currentAttention:     7.107142857142857
  sourceConfidence:     65
  profileCompleteness:  75
  trendDirection:       "FALLING"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  null
  category: 238
tags:
  - name: "Artists"
    slug: "artists"
  - name: "Artist"
    slug: "artist"
  - name: "Painting"
    slug: "painting"
  - name: "Sculpture"
    slug: "sculpture"
  - name: "Poetry"
    slug: "poetry"
  - name: "DJ"
    slug: "dj"
  - name: "Talk Shows"
    slug: "talk-shows"
  - name: "Photography"
    slug: "photography"
platforms:
  - platform:  "IMDB"
    url:       "https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0259722/"
    handle:    "nm0259722"
sources:
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Wikipedia"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154842"
    title: "Wikidata"
    type:  "WIKIDATA"
  - url: "https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Max%20Ernst"
    title: "Pantheon 2.0"
    type:  "DATABASE"
  - url: "https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3_%D8%A5%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA"
    title: "ماكس إرنست"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA"
    title: "ماكس ارنست"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82"
    title: "Макс Эрнст"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%95%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82"
    title: "Макс Ернст"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BE_%CE%95%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84"
    title: "Μαξ Ερνστ"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA"
    title: "ماکس ارنست"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximillian_Ernst"
    title: "Maximillian Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A1_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%98"
    title: "מקס ארנסט"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Max Ernst"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://de.wikiquote.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://fr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Max_Ernst"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://musicbrainz.org/artist/6e9f632a-48d0-4523-807d-6aabc59a0c27"
    title: "MusicBrainz"
    type:  "DATABASE"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Ernst was born in Brühl in 1891 and started painting in 1909 while studying at the University of Bonn, joining Die Rheinischen Expressionisten soon after. Four years as a soldier in World War I left him shocked and traumatised, and that rupture fed directly into his pioneering work in Dada and surrealism — movements built on ironic juxtaposition, grotesque elements, and a distrust of reason. He developed frottage (pencil rubbings of textured surfaces) and grattage (scraping paint to reveal objects beneath) as techniques, and built novels from collages. Birds appeared constantly in his work, especially Loplop, his alter ego. During World War II, while living in France, he was labelled an "undesirable foreigner." He settled there permanently afterward and finally found financial success in the 1950s. He died in Paris on 1 April 1976, one day before his 85th birthday.