# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/leopold-ii-holy-roman-emperor
# Generated: 2026-09-01T04:36:16.641Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/leopold-ii-holy-roman-emperor"
name: "Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor"
slug: "leopold-ii-holy-roman-emperor"
description: "He ended the death penalty in 1786 — the first ruler in modern history to abolish both execution and torture in his state. That move in Tuscany, twenty-five years before he became Holy Roman Emperor, still gets its own feast day."
tagline: "Holy Roman Emperor from 1790 to 1792"
image: "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portr%C3%A4t_Leopold_II_in_Kr%C3%B6nungsornat.png"
gender: "male"
country:
  name: "Austria"
  isoCode: "AT"
category:
  name: "Politicians"
  slug: "politicians"
profileType:
  name: "Politician"
  slug: "politician"
birthDate: "1747-05-05"
deathDate: "1792-03-01"
livingStatus: "DECEASED"
scores:
  popularity:           59.77
  momentum:             0.8469726051299947
  historical:           26.237904
  currentAttention:     0
  sourceConfidence:     60
  profileCompleteness:  70
  trendDirection:       "STABLE"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  142
  category: null
tags:
  - name: "Politicians"
    slug: "politicians"
  - name: "Politician"
    slug: "politician"
  - name: "Politics"
    slug: "politics"
  - name: "Early Modern Era"
    slug: "early-modern-era"
sources:
  - url: "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q151321"
    title: "Wikidata"
    type:  "WIKIDATA"
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor"
    title: "Wikipedia"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    type:  "DATABASE"
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    title: "ليوبولد الثاني (إمبراطور روماني مقدس)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_(%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3)"
    title: "ليوبولد التانى (امبراطور رومانى مقدس)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF_(%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1)"
    title: "ایکینجی لئوپولد (ایمپیراتور)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/II_Leopold_(M%C3%BCq%C9%99dd%C9%99s_Roma_imperatoru)"
    title: "II Leopold (Müqəddəs Roma imperatoru)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_II_(%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B)"
    title: "Леопольд II (Изге Рим империяһы императоры)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://be_x_old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_II_(%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A1%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96)"
    title: "Леапольд II (імпэратар Сьвятой Рымскай імпэрыі)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_II_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3"
    title: "Леапольд II Габсбург"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4_II"
    title: "Леополд II"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II_an_Impalaeriezh_Santel"
    title: "Leopold II an Impalaeriezh Santel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II%2C_car_Svetog_Rimskog_Carstva"
    title: "Leopold II, car Svetog Rimskog Carstva"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II_del_Sacre_Imperi_Romanogerm%C3%A0nic"
    title: "Leopold II del Sacre Imperi Romanogermànic"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II."
    title: "Leopold II."
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II%2C_Ymerawdwr_Gl%C3%A2n_Rhufeinig"
    title: "Leopold II, Ymerawdwr Glân Rhufeinig"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_2._(Tysk-romerske_rige)"
    title: "Leopold 2. (Tysk-romerske rige)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II._(HRR)"
    title: "Leopold II. (HRR)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%BF%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%84_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A1%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82"
    title: "Λεοπόλδος Β΄ της Αγίας Ρωμαϊκής Αυτοκρατορίας"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II%2C_Holy_Roman_Emperor"
    title: "Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopoldo_la_2-a_(Sankta_Romia_Imperio)"
    title: "Leopoldo la 2-a (Sankta Romia Imperio)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopoldo_II_del_Sacro_Imperio_Romano_Germ%C3%A1nico"
    title: "Leopoldo II del Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II"
    title: "Leopold II"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopoldo_II.a_Germaniako_Erromatar_Inperio_Santukoa"
    title: "Leopoldo II.a Germaniako Erromatar Inperio Santukoa"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85"
    title: "لئوپولت دوم"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II_(keisari)"
    title: "Leopold II (keisari)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Leopoldo_II_d'Asburgo-Lorena"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://musicbrainz.org/artist/53b89194-0567-4e90-8b75-11014f98f924"
    title: "MusicBrainz"
    type:  "DATABASE"
  - url: "https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II%2C_Heilige_Romeinse_Keiser"
    title: "Leopold II, Heilige Romeinse Keiser"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_II._(HRR)"
    title: "Leopold II. (HRR)"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Peter Leopold Josef Anton Joachim Pius Gotthard was born 5 May 1747, a son of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I, which made him brother to Marie Antoinette and Joseph II. He became Grand Duke of Tuscany in 1765 and ruled there for a quarter-century as a moderate enlightened absolutist — he protected the Academy of Georgofili, and on 30 November 1786 he abolished the death penalty and torture, the first modern nation to do so. In 1790 he succeeded his brother Joseph as Holy Roman Emperor, King of Hungary, Croatia, and Bohemia, and Archduke of Austria. He died 1 March 1792, two years into that larger reign. Historian Paul W. Schroeder called him "one of the most shrewd and sensible monarchs ever to wear a crown."