# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/jonathan-israel
# Generated: 2026-08-13T16:01:22.956Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/jonathan-israel"
name: "Jonathan Israel"
slug: "jonathan-israel"
description: "Jonathan Irvine Israel is a British historian specialising in Dutch history, the Age of Enlightenment, Spinoza's philosophy and European Jews. Israel was appointed as Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the School of Historical Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey, in January 2001 and retired in July 2016. He was previously Professor of Dutch History and Institutions at the University College London."
tagline: "British historian"
gender: "male"
country:
  name: "United Kingdom"
  isoCode: "GB"
category:
  name: "Writers"
  slug: "writers"
profileType:
  name: "Writer / Author"
  slug: "writer"
birthDate: "1946-01-22"
livingStatus: "LIVING"
scores:
  popularity:           49.28
  momentum:             1.787940529026651
  historical:           12.066708
  currentAttention:     0
  sourceConfidence:     60
  profileCompleteness:  55
  trendDirection:       "STABLE"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  null
  category: null
sources:
  - url: "https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%BA%B3%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94"
    title: "乔纳森·伊斯雷尔"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84"
    title: "جوناثان إسرائيل"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84"
    title: "جوناثان اسرائيل"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel"
    title: "Jonathan Israel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel"
    title: "Jonathan Israel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel"
    title: "Jonathan Israel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel"
    title: "Jonathan Israel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel"
    title: "Jonathan Israel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EB%84%88%EC%84%A0_%EC%9D%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%BC"
    title: "조너선 이즈리얼"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionathan_Israel"
    title: "Ionathan Israel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel"
    title: "Jonathan Israel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel"
    title: "Jonathan Israel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel"
    title: "Jonathan Israel"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%2C_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD"
    title: "Израэль, Джонатан"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2101078"
    title: "Wikidata"
    type:  "WIKIDATA"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Imported from discovery source: wikidata-dump