# Jonathan Israel

> Jonathan Irvine Israel is a British historian specialising in Dutch history, the Age of Enlightenment, Spinoza's philosophy and European Jews. Israel was appointed as Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the School of Historical Studies at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey, in January 2001 and retired in July 2016. He was previously Professor of Dutch History and Institutions at the University College London.

*British historian*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/jonathan-israel

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Writer / Author
- **Category:** Writers
- **Country:** United Kingdom
- **Born:** 1946-01-22
- **Status:** living
- **Gender:** male

## Bio

Imported from discovery source: wikidata-dump

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 49.3 / 100
- **Momentum:** 1.8 / 100  (trend: STABLE)
- **Historical depth:** 12.1 / 100
- **Now attention:** 0.0 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 60.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 55.0 / 100

## Sources
- [乔纳森·伊斯雷尔](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%BA%B3%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94)
- [جوناثان إسرائيل](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84)
- [جوناثان اسرائيل](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84)
- [Jonathan Israel](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel)
- [Jonathan Israel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel)
- [Jonathan Israel](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel)
- [Jonathan Israel](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel)
- [Jonathan Israel](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel)
- [조너선 이즈리얼](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EB%84%88%EC%84%A0_%EC%9D%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%BC)
- [Ionathan Israel](https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionathan_Israel)
- [Jonathan Israel](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel)
- [Jonathan Israel](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel)
- [Jonathan Israel](https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Israel)
- [Израэль, Джонатан](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%2C_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD)
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2101078)

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