# Jacques Monod

> He cracked how a cell decides which proteins to make and when to make them — the genetic switch that turns genes on or off. That work on a humble bacterium and a sugar called lactose opened the entire field of gene regulation.

*French biologist and biochemist, Nobel laureate (1910-1976)*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/jacques-monod

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Doctor ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39631))
- **Category:** Doctors
- **Country:** France
- **Born:** 1910-02-09
- **Died:** 1976-05-31
- **Status:** deceased
- **Gender:** male

## Bio

Jacques Lucien Monod was born in France on 9 February 1910 and trained as a biochemist. Working with François Jacob on E. coli and the lac operon, he built a model showing that a repressor protein binds to a specific DNA site — the operator — and blocks the manufacture of enzymes needed to break down lactose. The insight revealed the first clear system for how transcription gets regulated: genes aren't always on, they answer to molecular switches. Monod also proposed the existence of messenger RNA, the middleman carrying instructions from DNA to protein. He shared the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Jacob and André Lwoff for discoveries on genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis. He died on 31 May 1976, recognised as one of the founders of molecular biology.

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 59.4 / 100
- **Momentum:** 0.9 / 100  (trend: FALLING)
- **Historical depth:** 24.2 / 100
- **Now attention:** 0.0 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 60.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 70.0 / 100
- **Category rank:** #68

## Topics
#Scientists, #Doctor, #Medicine, #Chemistry, #France, #Europe, #20th Century

## Sources
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q231402)
- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Pantheon 2.0](https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Jacques%20Monod)
- [جاك مونو](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%83_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88)
- [ژاک مونو](https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%DA%A9_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88)
- [Жак Мано](https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE)
- [Жак Моно](https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE)
- [জ্যাক মোনো](https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B)
- [Jacques Monod](https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
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- [Jacques Monod](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Jacques Monod](https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Jacques Monod (Biologe)](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod_(Biologe))
- [Ζακ Μονό](https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%96%CE%B1%CE%BA_%CE%9C%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C)
- [Jacques Monod](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Jacques L. Monod](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_L._Monod)
- [Jacques Monod](https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Jacques Monod](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [ژاک مونو](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%D8%A7%DA%A9_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88)
- [Jacques Monod](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Jacques Monod](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Jacques Monod](https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Jacques Monod](https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Jacques Monod](https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Wikiquote](https://bn.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B)
- [Wikiquote](https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Wikiquote](https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Wikiquote](https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)
- [Wikiquote](https://fr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jacques_Monod)

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