# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/jacob-appelbaum
# Generated: 2026-08-13T21:18:34.679Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/jacob-appelbaum"
name: "Jacob Appelbaum"
slug: "jacob-appelbaum"
description: "Jacob Appelbaum is an American independent journalist, computer security researcher, and hacker. Appelbaum, who earned his PhD from the Eindhoven University of Technology, first became notable for his work as a core member of the Tor Project, a free software network designed to provide online anonymity. Appelbaum collaborated with WikiLeaks and made journalistic contributions at Der Spiegel based on the NSA documents leaked by Edward Snowden that brought him widespread recognition. He stood in for Julian Assange at computer security and hacker forums when Assange could no longer travel to the United States. Under the pseudonym \"ioerror\", Appelbaum was an active member of the Cult of the Dead Cow hacker collective from 2008 to 2016. He was the co-founder of the San Francisco hackerspace Noisebridge with Mitch Altman. He worked for the internet pornography company Kink.com and Greenpeace and volunteered for the Ruckus Society and the Rainforest Action Network. He was on the Technical Advisory Board of the Freedom of the Press Foundation."
tagline: "American computer security researcher (born 1983)"
image: "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jacob_Appelbaum_16.11.2019_Sintra.jpg?width=1200"
gender: "male"
country:
  name: "United States"
  isoCode: "US"
category:
  name: "Journalists"
  slug: "journalists"
profileType:
  name: "Journalist"
  slug: "journalist"
birthDate: "1983-04-01"
livingStatus: "LIVING"
scores:
  popularity:           50.35
  momentum:             0
  historical:           17.61325333333334
  currentAttention:     0
  sourceConfidence:     75
  profileCompleteness:  85
  trendDirection:       "STABLE"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  null
  category: null
platforms:
  - platform:  "X"
    url:       "https://x.com/ioerror"
    handle:    "ioerror"
  - platform:  "IMDB"
    url:       "https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3335834/"
    handle:    "nm3335834"
  - platform:  "WEBSITE"
    url:       "http://www.appelbaum.net/"
sources:
  - url: "https://musicbrainz.org/artist/f115787a-99d2-48a3-b249-fb90aba48d3a"
    title: "MusicBrainz"
    type:  "DATABASE"
  - url: "https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85"
    title: "جيكوب أبلباوم"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85"
    title: "جيكوب ابلباوم"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%85"
    title: "جیکوب اپلبام"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%85"
    title: "جیکوب اپلبام"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BC%2C_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1"
    title: "Эпплбаум, Джейкоб"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1_%D0%95%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BC"
    title: "Джейкоб Еплбаум"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A8_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85"
    title: "جیکب ایپل بوم"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://pl.wikiquote.org/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum"
    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10070"
    title: "Wikidata"
    type:  "WIKIDATA"
  - url: "https://www.themoviedb.org/person/1417332"
    title: "Jacob Appelbaum"
    type:  "DATABASE"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Imported from discovery source: wikidata-dump