# Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca

> He led the Arab Revolt against the Ottomans in 1916, declared himself Caliph, refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles over the Balfour Declaration, then watched Ibn Saud's Wahhabi forces sweep his kingdom away while the British who'd once backed him turned their heads.

*Sharif and Emir of Mecca, then King of Hejaz and Sharifian Caliph (1854–1931)*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/hussein-bin-ali-sharif-of-mecca

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Politician
- **Category:** Politicians
- **Country:** Turkey
- **Born:** 1853
- **Died:** 1931-06-04
- **Status:** deceased
- **Gender:** male

## Bio

Hussein bin Ali became Sharif and Emir of Mecca in 1908 under Ottoman appointment, but his autonomy eroded as the Young Turks centralized power. After failed negotiations to secure hereditary control of the Hejaz, he launched the Great Arab Revolt in 1916—framing it as defense of Islam and historic rights, not modern nationalism—and his sons led armies against Ottoman forces while Syria and Iraq never rose. He saved up to 4,000 Armenians during the genocide. After the war he became King of Hejaz and accepted the Caliphate under local urging, but broad Muslim recognition never came. He refused to ratify Versailles in protest of the Balfour Declaration and British-French mandates, refused the Anglo-Hashemite Treaty, and Britain withdrew support. Ibn Saud invaded; Hussein abdicated in 1924, surrendered in 1925, and was deported by the British to Cyprus. Relocated to Amman in 1930 as his health failed, he died there in 1931 and was buried near al-Aqsa.

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 57.8 / 100
- **Momentum:** 1.1 / 100  (trend: STABLE)
- **Historical depth:** 23.8 / 100
- **Now attention:** 0.0 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 60.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 70.0 / 100

## Topics
#Politicians, #Politician, #Politics, #Turkey, #Middle East, #19th Century

## Sources
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128906)
- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_bin_Ali,_Sharif_of_Mecca)
- [Pantheon 2.0](https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Hussein%20bin%20Ali%2C%20Sharif%20of%20Mecca)
- [شریف حسین](https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81_%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86)
- [Hüseyn ibn Əli əl-Haşimi](https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BCseyn_ibn_%C6%8Fli_%C9%99l-Ha%C5%9Fimi)
- [Хусейн бен Алі](https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96)
- [হুসাইন বিন আলি, হেজাজের রাজা](https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%2C_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE)
- [Hussein ibn Ali (xerif de la Meca)](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_ibn_Ali_(xerif_de_la_Meca))
- [حوسێن بن عەلی](https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8E%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%DB%95%D9%84%DB%8C)
- [Husajn ibn Alí al-Hášimí](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husajn_ibn_Al%C3%AD_al-H%C3%A1%C5%A1im%C3%AD)
- [Hussein bin Ali, Sharif Mecca](https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_bin_Ali%2C_Sharif_Mecca)
- [Hussein bin Ali](https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_bin_Ali)
- [Hussein ibn Ali (Hedschas)](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_ibn_Ali_(Hedschas))
- [Hussein, King of Hejaz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein%2C_King_of_Hejaz)
- [Husejn ibn Ali (Heĝazo)](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husejn_ibn_Ali_(He%C4%9Dazo))
- [Husayn ibn Ali (jerife de La Meca)](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali_(jerife_de_La_Meca))
- [Ḩusayn ibn ‘Alī (Meka emiir)](https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%A8usayn_ibn_%E2%80%98Al%C4%AB_(Meka_emiir))
- [Hussein bin Ali (Mekako xerifea)](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_bin_Ali_(Mekako_xerifea))
- [شریف حسین](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81_%D8%AD%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86)
- [Husain ibn Ali (Mekan šarif)](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Husain_ibn_Ali_(Mekan_%C5%A1arif))
- [Hussein ben Ali (roi du Hedjaz)](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_ben_Ali_(roi_du_Hedjaz))
- [חוסיין בן עלי](https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%91%D7%9F_%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99)
- [Ալ-Հուսեյն իբն Ալի ալ-Հաշիմի](https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC-%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B6_%D5%AB%D5%A2%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%AC-%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB)
- [Syarif Hussein, Raja Hejaz](https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syarif_Hussein%2C_Raja_Hejaz)
- [Al-Husayn ibn Ali (sceriffo della Mecca)](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Husayn_ibn_Ali_(sceriffo_della_Mecca))
- [フサイン・イブン・アリー (マッカのシャリーフ)](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%96%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC_(%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%AB%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%95))
- [الحسين بن علي شريف مكة](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A9)
- [الحسين بن على شريف مكه](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%83%D9%87)

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