# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/habib-bourguiba
# Generated: 2026-08-31T17:35:48.034Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/habib-bourguiba"
name: "Habib Bourguiba"
slug: "habib-bourguiba"
description: "He walked Tunisia out of French rule after 75 years, then held it for three decades — first as the architect of independence, later as president for life. The arc from liberator to autocrat traces the familiar path of postcolonial leadership, but his Code of Personal Status made Tunisia an outlier in the Arab world."
tagline: "Tunisian politician (1903–2000)"
image: "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Portrait_officiel_de_Habib_Bourguiba.png?width=1200"
gender: "male"
category:
  name: "Politicians"
  slug: "politicians"
profileType:
  name: "Politician"
  slug: "politician"
birthDate: "1903-08-03"
deathDate: "2000-04-06"
livingStatus: "DECEASED"
scores:
  popularity:           61.6
  momentum:             0
  historical:           24.817704
  currentAttention:     0
  sourceConfidence:     70
  profileCompleteness:  70
  trendDirection:       "STABLE"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  null
  category: null
tags:
  - name: "Politicians"
    slug: "politicians"
  - name: "Politician"
    slug: "politician"
  - name: "Politics"
    slug: "politics"
  - name: "Law"
    slug: "law"
  - name: "20th Century"
    slug: "20th-century"
platforms:
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    url:       "https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4849151/"
    handle:    "nm4849151"
  - platform:  "WEBSITE"
    url:       "https://www.bourguiba.com"
sources:
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    title: "Wikidata"
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    title: "لحبيب بورݣيبة"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "الحبيب بورقيبه"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Habib Burguiba"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Хәбиб Бурғиба"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "হাবিব বুরগিবা"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Habib Bourguiba"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Habíb Burgiba"
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    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Habib Bourguiba"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Χαμπίμπ Μπουργκίμπα"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habib_Burgiba"
    title: "Habib Burgiba"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habib_Burguiba"
    title: "Habib Burguiba"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Habib Bourguiba"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Habib Bourguiba"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "حبیب بورقیبه"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Habib Bourguiba"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habib_Bourguiba"
    title: "Habib Bourguiba"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
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    title: "Wikiquote"
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    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
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    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
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    title: "Wikiquote"
    type:  "WEBSITE"
  - url: "https://www.discogs.com/artist/4158028"
    title: "Discogs"
    type:  "DATABASE"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Born poor in Monastir in 1903, Bourguiba studied law in Paris and returned to Tunis in the early 1930s, co-founding the Neo Destour party in 1934 and spending years in French prisons and exile for his role in the independence movement. After World War II he sought Arab League backing from Cairo, then led negotiations and armed resistance until France granted internal autonomy in 1954. He returned to Tunis in June 1955, crushed a conservative rival in a brief civil war, and became prime minister when independence came in 1956. A year later he abolished the monarchy and declared a republic with himself as president. His rule brought mass education, economic development, gender equality laws, and the Code of Personal Status — a sweeping modernization program — but also a one-party state, a cult of personality, and a 1975 declaration of lifetime presidency. Declining health and internal rivalries ended it: his prime minister, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, removed him on 7 November 1987 and placed him under house arrest in Monastir, where he died in 2000.