# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/gilbert-vernam
# Generated: 2026-08-13T02:42:14.248Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/gilbert-vernam"
name: "Gilbert Vernam"
slug: "gilbert-vernam"
description: "Gilbert Sandford Vernam was a Worcester Polytechnic Institute 1914 graduate and AT&T Bell Labs engineer who, in 1917, invented an additive polyalphabetic stream cipher and later co-invented an automated one-time pad cipher. Vernam proposed a teleprinter cipher in which a previously prepared key, kept on paper tape, is combined character by character with the plaintext message to produce the ciphertext. To decipher the ciphertext, the same key would be again combined character by character, producing the plaintext. \nVernam later worked for the Postal Telegraph Company, and became an employee of Western Union when that company acquired Postal in 1943. His later work was largely with automatic switching systems for telegraph networks."
tagline: "American cryptographer (1890–1960)"
gender: "male"
country:
  name: "United States"
  isoCode: "US"
category:
  name: "Academics"
  slug: "academics"
profileType:
  name: "Academic"
  slug: "academic"
  entityType: "https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39631"
birthDate: "1890-04-03"
deathDate: "1960-02-07"
livingStatus: "DECEASED"
scores:
  popularity:           44.49
  momentum:             0
  historical:           9.425308000000001
  currentAttention:     0
  sourceConfidence:     60
  profileCompleteness:  55
  trendDirection:       "FALLING"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  null
  category: null
sources:
  - url: "https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC"
    title: "Жилбер Вернам"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Vernam"
    title: "Gilbert Vernam"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Sandford_Vernam"
    title: "Gilbert Sandford Vernam"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Vernam"
    title: "Gilbert Vernam"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Vernam"
    title: "Gilbert Vernam"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Vernam"
    title: "Gilbert Vernam"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Vernam"
    title: "Gilbert Vernam"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%9D"
    title: "גילברט סטנפורד ורנם"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Vernam"
    title: "Gilbert Vernam"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Vernam"
    title: "Gilbert Vernam"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%2C_%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82"
    title: "Вернам, Гилберт"
    type:  "WIKIPEDIA"
  - url: "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q713359"
    title: "Wikidata"
    type:  "WIKIDATA"

# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Imported from discovery source: wikidata-dump