# Fame.am profile — machine-readable export
# Canonical URL: https://fame.am/person/friedrich-ratzel
# Generated: 2026-08-31T16:45:00.367Z

schema: https://schema.org/Person
url: "https://fame.am/person/friedrich-ratzel"
name: "Friedrich Ratzel"
slug: "friedrich-ratzel"
description: "A German geographer who coined a term in the 1890s that would, decades after his death, become the core spatial doctrine of Nazi expansion."
tagline: "German geographer and ethnographer (1844–1904)"
image: "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-R35179%2C_Prof._Friedrich_Ratzel_(cropped).jpg?width=1200"
gender: "male"
country:
  name: "Germany"
  isoCode: "DE"
category:
  name: "Academics"
  slug: "academics"
profileType:
  name: "Academic"
  slug: "academic"
  entityType: "https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39631"
birthDate: "1844-08-30"
deathDate: "1904-08-09"
livingStatus: "DECEASED"
scores:
  popularity:           54.04
  momentum:             0
  historical:           23.75714
  currentAttention:     0
  sourceConfidence:     60
  profileCompleteness:  70
  trendDirection:       "FALLING"
ranks:
  global:   null
  country:  null
  category: null
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  - name: "Politics"
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  - name: "19th Century"
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# bio (long form, separated for readability)
bio: |
  Friedrich Ratzel was born on 30 August 1844 in Germany and trained as both a geographer and ethnographer. He introduced the concept of Lebensraum — "living space" — as a geographic idea, describing the relationship between peoples and the territory they required. The term circulated quietly in academic circles during his lifetime. Ratzel died on 9 August 1904, forty years before the National Socialists seized the word and twisted it into the justification for conquest and genocide across Europe.