# Édouard-Alfred Martel

> Édouard-Alfred Martel was a French lawyer who was a world pioneer of cave exploration, study, and documentation, hence becoming known as the "father of modern speleology". Martel explored thousands of caves in his native France and many other countries, popularised the pursuit of cave exploration, introduced the concept of speleology as a distinct area of scientific study, maintained an extensive archive, and in 1895 founded the Société de Spéléologie, the first organisation devoted to cave science in the world.

*French cave explorer (1859–1938)*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/edouard-alfred-martel

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Scientist ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39631))
- **Category:** Scientists
- **Country:** France
- **Born:** 1859-07-01
- **Died:** 1938-06-03
- **Status:** deceased
- **Gender:** male

## Bio

Imported from discovery source: wikidata-dump

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 51.4 / 100
- **Momentum:** 6.1 / 100  (trend: STABLE)
- **Historical depth:** 14.3 / 100
- **Now attention:** 0.0 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 60.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 70.0 / 100

## Sources
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [ادوارد الفريد مارتيل](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [Édouard Alfred Martel](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Alfred_Martel)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [אדואר-אלפרד מרטל](https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%93%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8-%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%9C)
- [Էդուարդ Ալֆրեդ Մարտել](https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4_%D4%B1%D5%AC%D6%86%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A4_%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%AC)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [ედუარდ ალფრედ მარტელი](https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%93_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [Édouard Alfred Martel](https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard_Alfred_Martel)
- [Édouard-Alfred Martel](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89douard-Alfred_Martel)
- [Мартель, Эдуард Альфред](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%2C_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4)
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274217)

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