# Dorothy Hodgkin

> She turned X-rays into a molecular microscope and saw what no one had seen: the architecture of penicillin, the coiled map of vitamin B12, the shape of insulin after 35 years of looking. The only British woman scientist with a Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

*British chemist*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/dorothy-hodgkin

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Scientist ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39631))
- **Category:** Scientists
- **Country:** United Kingdom
- **Born:** 1910-05-12
- **Died:** 1994-07-29
- **Status:** deceased
- **Gender:** female

## Bio

Dorothy Mary Crowfoot was born 12 May 1910 in England and trained as a chemist at a time when the atomic arrangement inside complex molecules remained guesswork. She refined X-ray crystallography into a tool precise enough to decode biomolecules, confirming the structure of penicillin that Abraham and Chain had proposed, then mapping vitamin B12 in work that earned her the 1964 Nobel Prize in Chemistry — the third woman to receive it. She kept her maiden name professionally for twelve years after marrying Thomas Lionel Hodgkin, eventually publishing as Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin. The insulin structure, which she finally solved in 1969, had occupied her for 35 years. She died 29 July 1994, having opened structural biology by making the invisible legible.

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 65.8 / 100
- **Momentum:** 0.4 / 100  (trend: STABLE)
- **Historical depth:** 24.3 / 100
- **Now attention:** 0.0 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 60.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 70.0 / 100
- **Category rank:** #154

## Topics
#Scientists, #Scientist, #Chemistry, #Physics, #United Kingdom, #Europe, #20th Century

## Sources
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Hodgkin](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [多萝西·霍奇金](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E8%90%9D%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%A5%87%E9%87%91)
- [ドロシー・ホジキン](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9B%E3%82%B8%E3%82%AD%E3%83%B3)
- [Ходжкин, Дороти](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%2C_%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7487)
- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkin)
- [Pantheon 2.0](https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Dorothy%20Hodgkin)
- [Дороти Ходжкин](https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD)
- [Дораці Кроўфут-Ходжкін](https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%84%D1%83%D1%82-%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD)
- [Дороти Ходжкин](https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD)
- [ডরোথি মেরি হজকিন](https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8)
- [Dorothy Hodgkin](https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [دۆرۆتی ھۆدگکین](https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%86%D8%AA%DB%8C_%DA%BE%DB%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%86)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Hodgkin](https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Hodgkin](https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkin)
- [Ντόροθι Κρόουφουτ Χότζκιν](https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B8%CE%B9_%CE%9A%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84_%CE%A7%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Hodgkin](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Crowfoot_Hodgkin)
- [Wikiquote](https://bn.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8)
- [Wikiquote](https://es.wikiquote.org/wiki/Dorothy_Hodgkin)

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