# Ángela Ruiz Robles

> Ángela Ruiz Robles was a Spanish teacher, writer, pioneer and inventor of the mechanical precursor to the electronic book, invented 20 years prior to Michael Hart’s Project Gutenberg, commonly referred to as the true inventor of the e-book, and over half a century before present-day e-books. She received two patents related to her “Mechanical Encyclopedia”. In 1949, Ruiz was awarded Spanish patent 190,698 for mechanisms with buttons that, when activated and pressed, displayed the learning materials. In her second patent, 276,364, awarded in 1962, she modified the design to remove buttons and instead include rotational reels that presented the subjects and learning materials..

*Teacher, writer, and inventor (1895-1976*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/angela-ruiz-robles

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Scientist ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39631))
- **Category:** Scientists
- **Country:** Spain
- **Born:** 1895-03-28
- **Died:** 1976-10-27
- **Status:** deceased
- **Gender:** female

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 49.0 / 100
- **Momentum:** 8.0 / 100  (trend: RISING)
- **Historical depth:** 10.1 / 100
- **Attention shift:** 39.1 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 60.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 70.0 / 100

## Sources
- [Ángelica Ruiz Robles](https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngelica_Ruiz_Robles)
- [أنجيلا رويز روبلس](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B3)
- [Ángela Ruiz Robles](https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ruiz_Robles)
- [Ángela Ruiz Robles](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ruiz_Robles)
- [Ángela Ruiz Robles](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ruiz_Robles)
- [Ángela Ruiz Robles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ruiz_Robles)
- [Ángela Ruiz Robles](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ruiz_Robles)
- [Ángela Ruiz Robles](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ruiz_Robles)
- [آنجلا رویز روابلس](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%B3)
- [Ángela Ruiz Robles](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ruiz_Robles)
- [Ángela Ruiz Robles](https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ruiz_Robles)
- [Ángela Ruiz Robles](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ruiz_Robles)
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9098414)

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