# Al-Biruni

> An 11th-century polymath who mapped the earth's radius, learned Sanskrit to decode Hindu philosophy, and wrote about foreign cultures with a precision rare for his era — or any other.

*11th-century Persian scholar and polymath (973–1048)*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/al-biruni

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Academic ([Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39631))
- **Category:** Academics
- **Born:** 0973-09-04
- **Died:** 1048-12-09
- **Status:** deceased
- **Gender:** male

## Bio

Born around 973 in Khwarazm, al-Biruni moved through physics, mathematics, astronomy, and linguistics with equal command, funded by rulers who wanted his mind on their problems. He spoke Khwarezmian, Persian, Arabic, Sanskrit, Greek, Hebrew, and Syriac. In 1017, he traveled to the Indian subcontinent and produced Tārīkh al-Hind, a study of Hindu culture built on direct observation rather than hearsay. His scholarly neutrality earned him the title al-Ustadh — "The Master" — for an account of early 11th-century India that read more like fieldwork than verdict. He spent much of his later life in Ghazni, the Ghaznavid capital in what is now Afghanistan, and died around 1050.

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 71.0 / 100
- **Momentum:** 4.2 / 100  (trend: STABLE)
- **Historical depth:** 25.2 / 100
- **Now attention:** 22.5 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 60.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 60.0 / 100
- **Category rank:** #138

## Topics
#Scientists, #Academic, #Philosophy, #Chemistry, #Mathematics, #Astronomy, #Physics, #History

## Sources
- [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11826)
- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni)
- [Pantheon 2.0](https://pantheon.world/profile/person/Al-Biruni)
- [البيرونى](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%89)
- [Al-Biruni](https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni)
- [আলবেৰুণী](https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80)
- [بیرونی](https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C)
- [Əl-Biruni](https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fl-Biruni)
- [Әл-Бируни](https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8)
- [Al-Biruni](https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni)
- [Аль-Біруні](https://be_x_old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96)
- [Аль-Біруні](https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%91%D1%96%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96)
- [Бируни](https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8)
- [আল-বেরুনি](https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF)
- [El-Biruni](https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/El-Biruni)
- [Al-Biruní](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Birun%C3%AD)
- [بیروونی](https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C)
- [Aliboron](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliboron)
- [Abu Rayhan al-Biruni](https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Rayhan_al-Biruni)
- [Al-Bīrūnī](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-B%C4%ABr%C5%ABn%C4%AB)
- [Biruni](https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biruni)
- [Αλ-Μπιρούνι](https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB-%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B9)
- [Al-Biruni](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni)
- [Al-Biruni](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni)
- [Al-Bīrūnī](https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-B%C4%ABr%C5%ABn%C4%AB)
- [Wikiquote](https://ar.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A)
- [Wikiquote](https://az.wikiquote.org/wiki/%C6%8Fl-Biruni)
- [Wikiquote](https://bn.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF)
- [Wikiquote](https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Al-Biruni)
- [Wikiquote](https://fa.wikiquote.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C)

---
Generated by Fame.am · https://fame.am/person/al-biruni