# Adrian IV

> The only Englishman to ever hold the papacy. Nicholas Breakspear - born somewhere in Hertfordshire around 1100 - rose from obscure beginnings to the throne of St. Peter, where he spent five years locked in a losing fight with the Holy Roman Emperor and the chaos of 12th-century Rome.

*Pope from 1154 to 1159*

**Canonical URL:** https://fame.am/person/adrian-iv

## Identity
- **Profile type:** Religious Figure
- **Category:** Religious Figures
- **Country:** United Kingdom
- **Died:** 1159-09-01
- **Status:** deceased
- **Gender:** male

## Bio

Breakspear left England as a youth for France, studied law in Arles, and joined the Abbey of Saint-Ruf near Avignon, eventually becoming abbot. His monks complained he was too strict a disciplinarian, so Pope Eugene III made him Bishop of Albano around 1149 and sent him to Scandinavia, where he reorganized the Norwegian church during a civil war and left Sweden to chroniclers calling him a saint. He returned to Rome in 1154 just after Eugene's successor died, and the cardinals - for reasons now lost - elected him pope. Adrian restored papal authority in a city considered a den of heresy and republicanism, but his relations with the newly crowned Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I collapsed over a series of grievances, pushing him into an alliance with Byzantium that came to nothing when the Normans crushed Manuel I and forced Adrian to terms at Benevento. He died at Anagni in September 1159, leaving behind a 22-year schism and a reign scholars still argue over - brief, besieged, but managed with a competence his circumstances never rewarded.

## Fame
- **Popularity score:** 65.3 / 100
- **Momentum:** 10.0 / 100  (trend: RISING)
- **Historical depth:** 24.9 / 100
- **Attention shift:** 0.0 / 100
- **Source confidence:** 60.0 / 100
- **Profile completeness:** 70.0 / 100
- **Category rank:** #77

## Sources
- [亞德四世](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96)
- [Adrien IV](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrien_IV)
- [Papa Adriano IV](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Adriano_IV)
- [Papa Adriano IV](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Adriano_IV)
- [Paus Adrianus IV](https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paus_Adrianus_IV)
- [Hadrian IV](https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian_IV)
- [Адриан IV](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_IV)
- [ハドリアヌス4世 (ローマ教皇)](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%89%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8C%E3%82%B94%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E6%95%99%E7%9A%87))
- [Адрыян IV](https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD_IV)
- [Адриан IV (папа)](https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD_IV_(%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0))
- [পোপ চতুর্থ আদ্রিয়ান](https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8)
- [Adrian IV](https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_IV)
- [Adrià IV](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adri%C3%A0_IV)
- [Gáu-huòng Hadrianus 4-sié](https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A1u-hu%C3%B2ng_Hadrianus_4-si%C3%A9)
- [Hadrián IV.](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadri%C3%A1n_IV.)
- [Pab Adrian IV](https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pab_Adrian_IV)
- [Pave Hadrian 4.](https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pave_Hadrian_4.)
- [Hadrian IV.](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian_IV.)
- [Πάπας Αδριανός Δ΄](https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%84)
- [Pope Adrian IV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Adrian_IV)
- [Hadriano la 4-a](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadriano_la_4-a)
- [Adriano IV](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adriano_IV)
- [Hadrianus IV](https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrianus_IV)
- [Adrian IV.a](https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_IV.a)
- [پاپ آدریان چهارم](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%BE_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85)
- [Wikiquote](https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Papa_Adriano_IV)
- [MusicBrainz](https://musicbrainz.org/artist/69561f77-334b-4aca-935c-8736280bc94d)
- [Hadrianus IV](https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrianus_IV)
- [Pous Adrianus IV](https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pous_Adrianus_IV)
- [Hadrián IV](https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadri%C3%A1n_IV)

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